Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of
Siberia and Neighboring Territories

ISSN 2658-6193 (Online)

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2019 Volume XXV

DOI: 10.17746/2658-6193.2019.25.195-202

УДК 902.01

First Results of Research into the Lithic Industry from Layer 24 at the Kulbulak Site (Excavations of 2019)

Pavlenok K.K., Pavlenok G.D., Kogai S.A., Kurbanov R.N., Khuzhanazarov M., Mukhtarov G.

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Abstract

Despite significant progress in the study of early laminar complexes of the Pamir-Tien Shan, which defined the outlook of the cultural development of the region in the mid Upper Pleistocene, their further study is relevant due to ambiguity of chronology, and insufficient understanding of their genesis and reasons for variability. These problems can be resolved though the comprehensive study of archaeological evidence from the lower unit of deposits at the multilayered Kulbulak Paleolithic site. Recent studies have confirmed that the cultural sequence of this site reveals all stages of formation and development of laminar tradition of stone processing. First indications of this process can be observed already in the Middle Paleolithic industries of the site, which may have the Middle Pleistocene age. The earliest culture-bearing layer at the Kulbulak site is layer 24 of predominantly deluvial origin. The results of preliminary technical and typological analysis of the evidence from the excavations of 2019 well correspond to the results of the comprehensive study of the site in 2010-2018, and confirm that lithic industries with variable blade production appear in the lower layers of the Kulbulak site (over 82,000 BP). The Levallois model of reduction dominated in the industry of layer 24, while it was virtually not used in the later industries of the Obi-Rakhmat cultural tradition. The toolkit consists exclusively of the objects belonging to the Middle Paleolithic typological series, such as elongated point on blade, various side-scrapers, Levallois flake, and spalls with irregular retouching, which confirms the focus on blade production.

Keywords

Pamir-Tien Shan, Middle Paleolithic, multilayered site, stratigraphy, blade production, technical and typological analysis

Chief Editor
Academician A.P. Derevyanko

Deputy Chief Editor
Academician V.I. Molodin

17, Аkademika Lavrentieva prosp., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

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